Department of Science and Technology
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Astronomical Services Administration
Monthly Philippine Agro-climatic Review and Outlook

April 2025

Simplified Version Monthly Agroclimatic Review and Outlook
 


In April, the country experienced various weather systems, including the Northeasterly windflow, shear line, intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), easterlies, low pressure area (LPA), and localized thunderstorms.

As illustrated in Figure 1, below to way below rainfall was observed in most parts of Luzon and Visayas except in northern part of Cagayan, La Union, Pangasinan, Batangas, Samar and Leyte which received near to above rainfall conditions. Most parts of Mindanao experienced near to above normal rainfall except in some parts of Caraga, Northern Mindanao and Davao Region which received below to way below normal rainfall condition.

The highest recorded rainfall for the month was at Hinatuan Synoptic Station (425.8 mm), followed by Dipolog Synoptic Station (268.5 mm), and Borongan Synoptic Station (266.0 mm).

No tropical cyclone entered or developed within the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) during the month.
SOIL MOISTURE CONDITION
  • Wet – Albay, Sorsogon, Eastern Samar, Samar, Leyte, Zamboanga del Norte, Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur
  • Moist – Aparri, Aurora, Quezon, Camarines Norte, Catanduanes, Capiz, Northern Samar, rest of Zamboanga Peninsula, Bukidnon, and Davao del Norte
  • Dry – Rest of the country
TEMPERATURE
  • Generally, most parts of the country experienced near-average to warmer-than-average mean surface air temperatures, except for Coron, Palawan, and General Santos City, which may have experienced cooler-than-average temperatures.
  • TAU, Camiling, Tarlac recorded the highest maximum temperature of 39.9°C on April 20, while Baguio State University registered the lowest temperature at 14.9°C on April 05.
HEAT INDEX MONITORING
Station Heat Index Date
Iba, Zambales 50 April 01
NAS-UPLB, Los Baños, Laguna 50 April 15
Dagupan City, Pangasinan 48 April 04
San Ildefonso, Bulacan 48 April 15
Virac (Synop), Catanduanes 48 April 26
Not Hazardous (< 27) Caution (27 – 31) Extreme Caution (33 – 41) Danger (42 – 51) Extreme Danger (> 51)

FARM OPERATIONS
• Land and Seedbed Preparations
• Planting and Transplanting
• Weed Management
• Field monitoring
• Pest and diseases management 		• Water management
• Fertilizer Application
• Post-harvest/Harvesting
• Cleaning and management
• Harvesting








The agricultural technicians, farmers, and farm enthusiasts may continue to browse some tips and additional knowledge on potential crop production, early warning for pest and disease infestations and water management strategies for specific areas by visiting the website of Department of Agriculture in their respective regions. For daily farm weather and climate conditions, you may visit PAGASA website (https://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/)
CROP STAGES REGION/CROPS
Land and Seedbed Preparation (including preparation for garden plot, urban gardening, and upland farms), (irrigated and rainfed farms)
  • Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao, Davao Region, SOCCSKSARGEN, Caraga, and BARMM
Planting and Transplanting (broadcasting / direct seeding – for rice, corn, conventional way/ by rows - other cash crops)
  • Rice – Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, and Davao Region
  • Corn – CALABARZON, Bicol Region, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Northern Mindanao, Davao Region, and Caraga
Vegetative Stage (tillering, head development)
  • Rice – Ilocos Region, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao, Davao Region, Caraga, and BARMM
  • Corn – Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao, and Davao Region
  • Ampalaya, cassava, chayote, chili pepper, ginger, malunggay, alukon, kangkong, mustard, lettuce, mushroom, mung bean, okra, garlic, onion, patola, pechay, carrot, potato, squash, string bean, sweet pepper, sweet potato, taro, ube, upo, winged bean, peanut, soybean, eggplant, fern leaves, cabbage, cowpea, lemongrass, Baguio beans, broccoli, cauliflower, beets, carrot, celery, cucumber, kinchay, onion leeks, radish, tomato, patani, bok choy, upo, oregano, basil, pandan, talinum, spinach, kamansi, arrowroot, batao, cadios, snap bean, pandan, onion leeks, turmeric, tapilan, sugarcane, tobacco, papaya, avocado, banana, coconut, coffee, guava, chico, dragon fruit, guyabano, jackfruit, mango, condol, cacao, tamarind, honeydew, lemon, longan, orange, turnip, strawberry, watermelon, melon, pomelo, rambutan, aratilis, star apple, calamansi, cashew, pineapple, kamias, lanzones, star fruit, mangosteen, santol, dalandan, pili nut, abaca, rubber, durian, and marang
Reproductive Stage (Heading – rice; Tasseling/Silking – corn)
  • Rice – Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao, Caraga, and BARMM
  • Corn – Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Northern Mindanao, Davao Region, SOCCSKSARGEN, Caraga, and BARMM
Maturing/Ripening
  • Rice – Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula Davao Region, SOCCSKSARGEN, Caraga, and BARMM
  • Corn – Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, and Caraga
Harvesting Stage
  • Rice – Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, Davao Region, SOCCSKSARGEN, Caraga, and BARMM
  • Corn – Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol Region, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga Peninsula, Davao Region, and Caraga
  • Peanut, chili pepper, eggplant, ginger, camote tops, kangkong, lettuce, malunggay, mung bean, mustard, okra, onion, onion leeks, garlic, pechay, radish, spinach, squash, string bean, sweet pepper, sweet potato, talinum, taro, tomato, winged bean, cucumber, cabbage, broccoli, Baguio beans, cassava, carrot, chili pepper, chayote, cucumber, long pepper, celery, patola, lemongrass, ampalaya, bok choy, ube, upo, alugbati, spinach, oregano, French beans, sweet pea, coriander, cilantro, kamansi, cadios, mushroom, pandan, snap bean, cassava, okra, pechay, patola, chili pepper, pandan, cucurbits, habichuelas, cauliflower, soybean, saluyot, turmeric, avocado, banana, star apple, papaya, coconut, calamansi, mango, coffee, tamarind, strawberry, cacao, guyabano, lemon, watermelon, honeydew, guyabano, dragon fruit, turnip, tamarind, chico, avocado, jackfruit, melon, catmon fruit, santol, cashew, star apple, pili nut, guava, dalandan, sugarcane, mangosteen, pomelo, durian, pineapple, and marang
Agroclimatic Outlook for May 2025
  • The weather systems that will affect the country in May are the ridge of high-pressure areas (HPAs), easterlies, intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), southwest (SW) monsoon, low-pressure areas (LPAs), and localized thunderstorms.
  • One or two (1 or 2) tropical cyclones (TC) may enter or develop within the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) during the month.
  • As illustrated in Figure 2, Above normal rainfall over most parts of the country, except for parts of Northern Luzon and Mindanao where near normal rainfall is expected.
  • The Heat Index is expected to continue rising, particularly across areas in Luzon. Please continue to monitor updates and advisories from PAGASA regarding the Heat Index at: https://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/weather/heat-index.
FARM ADVISORY

Extreme heat causes internal water stress in crops, weakens, and destroys standing crops. Watering crops during early morning and evening periods will help alleviate stress on crops. In areas with insufficient water supply, drip irrigation is one economical way of maintaining the moisture required by the crops. Mulching can also be done to prevent the rapid loss of soil moisture so as to maintain the good growing condition of the crops.
Forecast Mean Temperature Anomaly

Warmer than average conditions are expected across the country, except in Romblon, with some areas experiencing slightly cooler than average temperatures.
ENSO ALERT SYSTEM STATUS

INACTIVE
(as of 06 May 2025)

Recent sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific indicate ENSO-neutral
conditions. Most climate models favor ENSO-neutral conditions to persist towards the end
of 2025.
Furthermore, as the warm and dry season persists, the public and all concerned government agencies are urged to sustain precautionary measures to minimize heat stress and prevent associated health risks.
Extreme Temperature Range

Luzon
•Upland: 13.2 ºC – 28.5 ºC
•Lowland: 18.7 ºC – 39.3 ºC
Visayas
•Lowland: 19.5 ºC – 36.5 ºC
Mindanao
•Upland: 15.4 ºC – 34.3ºC
•Lowland: 20.4 ºC – 37.0 ºC
PAGASA will continue to closely monitor the climate conditions that may affect the country and updates shall be issued as appropriate. For further information, please contact the Climatology and Agrometeorology Division (CAD) at telephone number 8284-0800, local 4915.

For the simplified version, please download at: https://bit.ly/SimplifiedMPARO
Prepared by: NRE
Checked by: MEVT
Approved by: TAC
Uploaded by: MAM